MODES IN THE PHYSICAL LAYER IN DCN

 MODES IN THE PHYSICAL LAYER

The direction of data flow between two communicating devices and how the communication channel is shared.

The primary modes are simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex.

1. Simplex Mode:

   - In simplex mode, communication occurs in one direction only, and it is unidirectional. One device is the sender, and the other is the receiver.

Examples of simplex communication include television broadcasting and keyboard-to-computer communication.

 

2. Half-Duplex Mode:

   - In half-duplex mode, communication can occur in both directions, but not simultaneously.

Devices can both send and receive data, but not at the same time.

This mode is often used in two-way radios and traditional walkie-talkies, where one party talks, and the other listens, and then they switch roles.

 

3. Full-Duplex Mode:

   - Full-duplex mode allows communication in both directions simultaneously.

Devices can send and receive data at the same time such as telephone networks, Ethernet networks, and most internet communication. 

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