Exception handling in Python

 Exception handling in Python

Exception handling in Python is a mechanism to deal with runtime errors or exceptional situations that may occur during the execution of a program.

It allows you to catch and handle errors gracefully, preventing the program from terminating abruptly.

The key components of exception handling in Python are the `try`, `except`, `else`, and `finally` blocks.

The basic structure of exception handling in Python:

try:

    # Code that might raise an exception

    # ...

    result = 10 / 0  # Example of a potential exception (division by zero)

    # ...

 except SomeSpecificException as e:

    # Handle a specific type of exception

    print(f"Caught an exception: {e}")

 except AnotherSpecificException as e:

    # Handle another specific type of exception

    print(f"Caught another exception: {e}")

 except Exception as e:

    # Handle any other exceptions

    print(f"Caught a generic exception: {e}")

 else:

    # Code to be executed if no exception occurs in the try block

    print("No exception occurred.")

 finally:

    # Code that will be executed no matter what, whether an exception occurred or not

    print("This block is always executed.")

  

Description:

- The `try` block contains the code that might raise an exception.

- The `except` block catches and handles exceptions.

- You can have multiple `except` blocks to handle different types of exceptions.

- The `else` block contains code that will be executed if no exception occurs in the `try` block.

- The `finally` block contains code that will be executed no matter what, whether an exception occurred or not. It is often used for cleanup operations.

 

Example :

try:

    num1 = int(input("Enter a number: "))

    num2 = int(input("Enter another number: "))

    result = num1 / num2

    print(f"Result: {result}")

 except ValueError:

    print("Invalid input. Please enter a valid number.")

 except ZeroDivisionError:

    print("Cannot divide by zero.")

 else:

    print("Division successful.")

 finally:

    print("End of the program.")

```

 In this example, if the user enters invalid input or attempts to divide by zero, the program will catch and handle the respective exceptions, providing a more user-friendly experience.

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