Characteristics of the Database Approach

· A systematic, structured, and integrated methodsà for managing, storing, and retrieving large volumes of information using a Database Management System (DBMS).
· Remove drawbacks of traditional file-based data storage.
· Providing a centralized, efficient, and organized way to handle information.

Key Features of the Database Approach:

1. Data Abstraction: 
2. Data Integrity and Consistency: 
3. Reduced Data Redundancy: 
4. Data Security:
5. Concurrent Access and Multi-User Support: 
6. Backup and Recovery: 
7. Centralized Storage: 
8. Data Independence: 
9. Query Capability: 
10. Security and Integrity: 

Example:- ERP, CRM, and business intelligence systems.

Core Components of the Database Approach:

Database
Database Schema
Data Models
Query Language (SQL)

Advantages of the Database Approach:

Data Consistency and Integrity: Ensures accuracy and reliability.
Reduced Redundancy: Avoids duplicate data storage.
Efficient Data Management: Supports complex queries and transactions.
Scalability: Easily accommodates growth in data volume.
Data Security: Controls access and permissions.
Multi-User Support: Enables concurrent access by multiple users.

Applications of the Database Approach:

Business Applications: 
Healthcare: 
Banking and Finance: 
Education: 
E-commerce: 

Disadvantages

-  Increase complexity and cost (e.g., DBMS software, hardware).
- Centralized control.
- Required skilled personnel for administration.

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